ORS 419B.100
Jurisdiction

  • bases
  • Indian children

(1)

Except as otherwise provided in subsection (5) of this section and ORS 107.726 (Standing to petition for relief of person under 18 years of age), the juvenile court has exclusive original jurisdiction in any case involving a person who is under 18 years of age and:

(a)

Who is beyond the control of the person’s parents, guardian or other person having custody of the person;

(b)

Whose behavior is such as to endanger the welfare of the person or of others;

(c)

Whose condition or circumstances are such as to endanger the welfare of the person or of others;

(d)

Who is dependent for care and support on a public or private child-caring agency that needs the services of the court in planning for the best interest of the person;

(e)

Whose parents or any other person or persons having custody of the person have:

(A)

Abandoned the person;

(B)

Failed to provide the person with the care or education required by law;

(C)

Subjected the person to cruelty, depravity or unexplained physical injury; or

(D)

Failed to provide the person with the care, guidance and protection necessary for the physical, mental or emotional well-being of the person;

(f)

Who is a runaway;

(g)

Who has filed a petition for emancipation pursuant to ORS 419B.550 (Definitions for ORS 419B.550 to 419B.558) to 419B.558 (Entry of judgment of emancipation); or

(h)

Who is subject to an order entered under ORS 419C.411 (Disposition order) (7)(a).

(2)

The court shall have jurisdiction under subsection (1) of this section even though the child is receiving adequate care from the person having physical custody of the child.

(3)

The provisions of subsection (1) of this section do not prevent a court of competent jurisdiction from entertaining a civil action or suit involving a child.

(4)

The court does not have further jurisdiction as provided in subsection (1) of this section after a minor has been emancipated pursuant to ORS 419B.550 (Definitions for ORS 419B.550 to 419B.558) to 419B.558 (Entry of judgment of emancipation).

(5)

Except as provided in ORS 419B.627 (Jurisdiction), jurisdiction over any child custody proceeding, as defined in ORS 419B.603 (Definitions), involving an Indian child is determined as provided in ORS 419B.627 (Jurisdiction). [1993 c.33 §53; 1993 c.546 §10; 1993 c.643 §5; 2005 c.843 §31; 2011 c.291 §5; 2013 c.1 §61; 2019 c.594 §8; 2020 s.s.1 c.14 §27; 2021 c.398 §68]

Source: Section 419B.100 — Jurisdiction; bases; Indian children, https://www.­oregonlegislature.­gov/bills_laws/ors/ors419B.­html.

Notes of Decisions

Under former similar statute

Juvenile court may exercise jurisdiction over children notwithstanding determination of their custody by a prior divorce decree so long as statutory prerequisites for such jurisdiction are met. State ex rel Juvenile Dept., Clackamas County v. Christy, 7 Or App 608, 492 P2d 476 (1972)

Action of babysitters in administering unduly severe physical punishment to children was not sufficiently attributable to mother so as to authorize court to assume jurisdiction and make children wards of juvenile court. State ex rel Juvenile Dept. v. Guier, 12 Or App 293, 506 P2d 724 (1973)

The finding that a juvenile is “out of control of his parents” is sufficient to create juvenile court jurisdiction to commit the juvenile to a mental health facility. Parker v. Talkington, 17 Or App 147, 521 P2d 25 (1974)

The juvenile court was empowered to render an alternative order requiring the Children’s Services Division to secure treatment for the child or to certify to the court that it was without funding to do so. State ex rel Juvenile Dept. of Multnomah County v. L., 24 Or App 257, 546 P2d 153 (1976)

Evidence that 12-year-old boy was found hitchhiking in mid-September, lacking socks or jacket and with clothes in filthy condition, was sufficient to give juvenile court jurisdiction. State ex rel Juvenile Department v. Currie, 31 Or App 727, 571 P2d 190 (1977)

Whether conditions and circumstances are attributable to mother or father is not relevant for jurisdictional purposes. State ex rel Juv. Dept. v. Jordan, 36 Or App 817, 585 P2d 753 (1978)

Existence of legal guardianship over child while mother, who retained custody, was in jail was not sufficient to defeat jurisdiction. State ex rel Juv. Dept. v. Moyer, 42 Or App 655, 601 P2d 821 (1979), Sup Ct review denied

Where mother was incarcerated and therefore unavailable to care for child, she “failed to provide” for child, rendering jurisdiction proper. State ex rel Juv. Dept. v. Moyer, 42 Or App 655, 601 P2d 821 (1979), Sup Ct review denied

Petition alleging that: daughter stated father had had sexual intercourse with her; that daughter stated she was afraid further contact with father would result in his establishing regular sexual relationship with her; and that mother stated that father had sexual contact with daughter and she had failed to protect daughter was not sufficient to bring daughter within jurisdiction of juvenile court. State ex rel Juvenile Dept. v. Boyce, 47 Or App 759, 615 P2d 385 (1980)

Where child’s life was endangered, juvenile court properly assumed jurisdiction and directed performance of surgery over parents’ contention that surgery would violate their right to free exercise of religion. State ex rel Juv. Dept. v. Jensen, 54 Or App 1, 633 P2d 1302 (1981)

Juvenile court had jurisdiction over child even though petition alleged only “claims” of sexual abuse rather than acts themselves, where court, after defendant’s objections to pleadings, informed defendants that proof of claimed acts would be required and defendants did not object on grounds of variance or lack of notice. State ex rel Juv. Dept. v. Rise, 54 Or App 725, 635 P2d 1369 (1981)

Where appellant was under 18 and had not otherwise complied with the statutory emancipation procedures, juvenile court did not lack jurisdiction over her solely because she was married. State ex rel Juv. Dept. v. Williams, 55 Or App 951, 640 P2d 675 (1982)

Shelter care center to which child was legally assigned was her “home” for purposes of exercising jurisdiction over child as runaway. State ex rel Juv. Dept. v. Williams, 55 Or App 951, 640 P2d 675 (1982)

Where mother stipulated in court that stepfather had sexually abused child, petition alleging stepfather was still residing at same address as mother and child was sufficient to bring child within court’s jurisdiction and to allow state to attempt to show stepfather as continuing threat to child. State ex rel Juv. Dept. v. Carver, 71 Or App 107, 691 P2d 107 (1984)

Where father had prior history of sexually abusing his children and, since original proceeding, additional evidence existed that abuse continued and mother refused to acknowledge possibility of abuse, trial court erred in returning children to parents and in not providing protective services. State ex rel Juv. Dept. v. Gates, 96 Or App 365, 774 P2d 484 (1989), Sup Ct review denied

Allegations in petition to make child ward of court that mother used drugs and that child’s sibling was born with controlled substances in her system, in absence of factual allegations showing how drug usage endangers welfare of child, were insufficient to establish jurisdiction over child. State ex rel Juv. Dept. v. Randall, 96 Or App 673, 773 P2d 1348 (1989)

State proved circumstances that endanger child’s welfare where evidence established mother did not take child to doctor and mother continued to accept boyfriend’s explanation that injuries were self-inflicted. State ex rel Juv. Dept. v. Nelson, 116 Or App 611, 842 P2d 447 (1992)

Where state established that child was abused while mother and boyfriend lived together and when mother and boyfriend continued to live together, state proved by preponderance of evidence that welfare of child was endangered. State ex rel Juv. Dept. v. Froats, 117 Or App 467, 844 P2d 917 (1992)

Conditions or circumstances are sufficient to endanger welfare of child where, under totality of circumstances, court finds reasonable likelihood child will be harmed directly or subjected to harmful environment. State ex rel Juv. Dept. v. Smith, 316 Or 646, 853 P2d 282 (1993); State ex rel Juv. Dept v. Brammer, 133 Or App 544, 892 P2d 720 (1995), Sup Ct review denied

In general

Placement decision by Children’s Services Division was reviewable by juvenile court to determine whether division failed to provide for child’s physical, mental or emotional well-being. Adams v. CSD, 131 Or App 396, 886 P2d 19 (1994), Sup Ct review denied

Where state seeks to interfere with parent-child relationship through termination or dependency proceeding, interests of child are adverse to state. State ex rel Juvenile Dept. v. Cowens, 143 Or App 68, 922 P2d 1258 (1996), Sup Ct review denied

Juvenile court may order agency to provide adoptive home studies to attorney of dependent child prior to agency issuance of placement report. State ex rel State Office for Services to Children and Families v. Williams, 168 Or App 538, 7 P3d 655 (2000)

Where jurisdiction over one child in household is based on failure to respond to special needs of child, risk of harm to child does not automatically provide basis for exercising jurisdiction over other children not having special needs. State ex rel Department of Human Services v. Shugas, 202 Or App 302, 121 P3d 702 (2005)

State is not required to meet individualized burden of proof with respect to each parent in order to establish that totality of circumstances regarding welfare of child supports dependency finding. State ex rel Juvenile Department v. T.S., 214 Or App 184, 164 P3d 308 (2007), Sup Ct review denied

Existence of physical abuse exceeding ordinary discipline is circumstance that endangers welfare of child. G.A.C. v. State ex rel Juvenile Department, 219 Or App 1, 182 P3d 223 (2008)

Exclusion of improperly obtained evidence against parent is not available in juvenile dependency hearing. State ex rel Department of Human Services v. W.P., 345 Or 657, 202 P3d 167 (2009)

Where findings of allegations pertaining to mother and father are partially interdependent, either parent may challenge all jurisdictional findings on appeal, even those findings pertaining to other parent. Department of Human Services v. S.P., 249 Or App 76, 275 P3d 979 (2012)

Where juvenile court’s jurisdiction is based solely on parent’s substance abuse, evidence in record that shows parent is not credible is legally insufficient to show parent had substance abuse problem at time of jurisdictional hearing demonstrating that, under totality of circumstances there was current risk of harm to welfare of child. Department of Human Services v. E.M., 264 Or App 76, 331 P3d 1054 (2014)

Where petitioner was under 18 years of age at time of adjudication of jurisdictional allegations in jurisdictional judgment, juvenile court did not lose authority to continue to exercise jurisdiction when petitioner turned 18 years of age because juvenile court’s exclusive original jurisdiction over dependency case involving person who is under 18 years of age attaches at initiation of proceedings and is not thereafter lost merely because child turns 18 years old before wardship is established. State v. L.P.L.O., 280 Or App 292, 381 P3d 846 (2016)

Juvenile court correctly determined that dependency jurisdiction was warranted because type, degree and duration of harm caused by both parents was reasonably likely to cause serious injury or loss to children and risk of harm to children was current. Dept. of Human Services v. C.W., 305 Or App 75, 468 P3d 1024 (2020)

Juvenile court’s “exclusive original jurisdiction” refers to court’s subject matter jurisdiction and extends to cases in which allegations and relief sought in pending petition invoke court’s authority to make wardship determination. Dept. of Human Services v. C.M.H., 368 Or 96, 486 P3d 772 (2021)

Law Review Citations

Under former similar statute

12 WLJ 557 (1976)

419B.005
Definitions
419B.007
Policy
419B.010
Duty of officials to report child abuse
419B.015
Report form and content
419B.016
Offense of false report of child abuse
419B.017
Time limits for notification between law enforcement agencies and Department of Human Services
419B.019
Investigation of report involving school
419B.020
Duty of department or law enforcement agency receiving report
419B.021
Degree requirements for persons conducting investigation or making determination regarding child
419B.023
Duties of person conducting investigation under ORS 419B.020
419B.025
Immunity of person making report in good faith
419B.026
Required findings for investigation conducted under ORS 419B.020
419B.028
Photographing child during investigation
419B.030
Central registry of reports
419B.035
Confidentiality of records
419B.040
Certain privileges not grounds for excluding evidence in court proceedings on child abuse
419B.045
Investigation conducted on school premises
419B.050
Authority of health care provider to disclose information
419B.055
Action by Attorney General for protective order on behalf of department employee
419B.090
Juvenile court
419B.100
Jurisdiction
419B.110
Emergency medical care
419B.112
Court appointed special advocate
419B.116
Intervention
419B.117
Notice to parents or guardian of child
419B.118
Venue
419B.121
Return of runaway children to another state
419B.124
Transfer to juvenile court from another court
419B.127
Transfer to court of county of child or ward’s residence
419B.130
Delegation of jurisdiction by county of residence
419B.132
Delegation of jurisdiction among county juvenile courts
419B.135
Transfer of case
419B.150
When protective custody authorized
419B.152
Protective custody of runaway child
419B.155
Protective custody not arrest
419B.157
Jurisdiction attaches at time of custody
419B.160
Prohibition on detention
419B.165
Release of child taken into custody
419B.168
Procedure when child is not released
419B.171
Report required when child is taken into protective custody
419B.175
Initial disposition of child taken into protective custody
419B.180
Shelter facilities
419B.183
Speedy hearing required
419B.185
Evidentiary hearing
419B.192
Placement of child or ward
419B.194
Participation in extracurricular activities
419B.195
Appointment of counsel for child or ward
419B.198
Responsibility for payment of costs related to provision of appointed counsel for child or ward
419B.201
Compensation for court-appointed counsel for child or ward under ORS 135.055
419B.205
Appointment of counsel for parent or legal guardian
419B.208
Other law applicable to appointment of counsel
419B.211
Motion to withdraw as counsel
419B.220
Appointment of surrogate
419B.223
Duties and tenure of surrogate
419B.231
Appointment
419B.234
Qualifications
419B.237
Duration of appointment
419B.305
When hearing must be held
419B.310
Conduct of hearings
419B.325
Disposition required
419B.328
Ward of the court
419B.331
When protective supervision authorized
419B.334
Placement out of state
419B.335
Department of Human Services reports regarding out-of-state placements
419B.337
Commitment to custody of Department of Human Services
419B.340
Reasonable or active efforts determination
419B.343
Recommendations of committing court
419B.346
Medical planning
419B.349
Court authority to review placement or proposed placement
419B.351
Court approval of placement in qualified residential treatment program
419B.352
Hospitalization
419B.365
Permanent guardianship
419B.366
Guardianship
419B.367
Letters of guardianship
419B.368
Review, modification or vacation of guardianship order
419B.369
Guardianship study
419B.371
Community guardianship
419B.372
Guardianship as incident of custody
419B.373
Duties and authority of legal custodian
419B.376
Duties and authority of guardian
419B.379
Guardian is not conservator
419B.385
Parent or guardian as party
419B.387
Parent participation in treatment or training
419B.389
Inability of parent to comply with order of court
419B.395
Judgment of parentage or nonparentage
419B.400
Authority to order support
419B.402
Support order is judgment
419B.404
Support for child or ward in state financed or supported institution
419B.406
Assignment of support order to state
419B.408
Enforcement of support order
419B.440
Circumstances requiring reports
419B.443
Time and content of reports
419B.446
Filing report
419B.449
Review hearing by court
419B.452
Distribution of report by court
419B.460
Agency’s responsibility
419B.470
Permanency hearing
419B.473
Notice
419B.476
Conduct of hearing
419B.498
Termination of parental rights
419B.500
Termination of parental rights generally
419B.502
Termination upon finding of extreme conduct
419B.504
Termination upon finding of unfitness
419B.506
Termination upon finding of neglect
419B.508
Termination upon finding of abandonment
419B.510
Termination upon finding child conceived as result of rape
419B.517
Mediation to be encouraged
419B.518
Appointment of counsel for parents
419B.521
Conduct of termination hearing
419B.524
Effect of termination order
419B.527
Disposition of ward after termination
419B.529
Adoption after permanent commitment or surrender
419B.530
Representation by Attorney General
419B.532
Reinstatement of parental rights
419B.550
Definitions for ORS 419B.550 to 419B.558
419B.552
Application for emancipation judgment
419B.555
Hearing
419B.558
Entry of judgment of emancipation
419B.600
Policy on Indian child welfare
419B.603
Definitions
419B.606
Custody
419B.609
Acknowledgment or establishment of parentage
419B.612
Best interests of Indian child
419B.615
Assistance enrolling child in tribe
419B.618
Determination of Indian child’s tribe
419B.621
Judicial determination of Indian child’s residence, domicile and status as ward
419B.622
Domicile
419B.624
Tribal-state agreements
419B.627
Jurisdiction
419B.630
Motion to transfer to tribal court
419B.633
Transfer to tribal court
419B.636
Inquiry to determine whether child is Indian child
419B.639
Notice to tribe in emergency proceeding
419B.642
Qualified expert witness
419B.645
Active efforts
419B.646
Right to appear
419B.647
Right to counsel
419B.648
Right to examine reports or documents
419B.651
Vacating order or judgment regarding jurisdiction, placement, guardianship or termination of parental rights
419B.652
Determination regarding improper removal or retainment
419B.654
Placement preferences
419B.656
Tribal customary adoption
419B.657
Reports to Legislative Assembly
419B.660
Conflict of laws
419B.663
Full faith and credit
419B.665
Rules
419B.800
Applicability of ORS 419B.800 to 419B.929
419B.803
Jurisdiction
419B.806
Consolidation
419B.809
Petition
419B.812
Issuance of summons
419B.815
Summons for proceeding to establish jurisdiction under ORS 419B.100
419B.816
Notice to person contesting petition to establish jurisdiction
419B.818
Form of summons under ORS 419B.815
419B.819
Summons for proceeding to establish permanent guardianship or terminate parental rights
419B.820
Notice to parent contesting petition to establish permanent guardianship or terminate parental rights
419B.822
Form of summons under ORS 419B.819
419B.823
Service of summons generally
419B.824
Methods of serving summons
419B.827
Responsibility for costs of service of summons and travel expenses of party summoned
419B.830
Return of summons
419B.833
Proof of service of summons or mailing
419B.836
Effect of error in summons or service of summons
419B.839
Required and discretionary summons
419B.842
When arrest warrant authorized
419B.845
Restraining order when child abuse alleged
419B.846
Service of restraining order
419B.848
Process generally
419B.851
Service of process
419B.854
Computing statutory time periods
419B.857
Pleadings
419B.860
Motions
419B.863
Pleadings
419B.866
Signing pleadings required
419B.869
Responding to pleadings
419B.872
Amendment of pleadings
419B.875
Parties to proceedings
419B.876
Visitation or other contact between grandparent and ward
419B.878
Judicial inquiry and finding regarding whether child is Indian child
419B.881
Disclosure
419B.884
Depositions
419B.887
Objections at depositions
419B.890
Dismissal of petition at end of petitioner’s case
419B.893
Subpoenas generally
419B.896
Subpoena for production of books, papers, documents and other tangible things
419B.899
Issuance of subpoena
419B.902
Service of subpoena
419B.905
Subpoena of incarcerated witness
419B.908
Witness fees
419B.911
Failure to obey subpoena
419B.914
Proceeding when person entitled to service is not summoned and is not before court
419B.918
Manner of appearance
419B.920
New hearings
419B.923
Modifying or setting aside order or judgment
419B.926
Stay of order or judgment pending appeal
419B.929
Enforcement of certain orders and judgments
419B.950
Educational program regarding federal and state adoption and child welfare laws
419B.953
Training and continuing education for caseworkers
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